Problem

Rural households have substantially less internet and device access than urban households, and the current size of the gap is not reliably established

• National
• Rural
• Urban

Every source reviewed agrees that rural household internet and computer access lags urban access substantially, and that the device gap is wider than the connectivity gap — households are more likely to have some form of internet than to have a computer. The size of the gap cannot be stated with confidence: cited figures range widely across survey rounds, and several secondary sources cite 'NSSO data' without naming the round or year. Resolving this to a single dated official source is a prerequisite before any figure is published. Evidence confidence: High that a substantial gap exists; Low on its current magnitude, which is why no percentage is recorded here.